Interchange-Plus vs Tiered Pricing: The Truth About Processing Fee Models

Two businesses processing the same volume with the same card mix can pay wildly different amounts—one might pay $400/month while the other pays $1,100. The difference? Their pricing model. Here's everything you need to know.

Why Your Pricing Model Matters

Real Example: Same Business, Different Costs

Interchange-Plus Pricing

$1,050/mo

$50,000 monthly volume
Effective rate: 2.1%

Tiered Pricing

$1,400/mo

$50,000 monthly volume
Effective rate: 2.8%

Annual difference: $4,200 saved with interchange-plus

Your pricing model determines how your processor packages and charges fees. It's the difference between paying near-cost rates with a small transparent markup, or paying inflated rates with hidden margins baked in.

Interchange-Plus Explained: The Transparent Model

How It Works

Interchange-plus (also called "IC+" or "cost-plus") is a transparent pricing structure where you pay:

Actual Interchange Rate + Processor Markup

Example: If a transaction has 1.80% + $0.10 interchange, and your processor charges 0.25% + $0.10 markup, you pay 2.05% + $0.20 total.

Every transaction on your statement shows the actual interchange rate charged by Visa/Mastercard, plus your processor's fixed markup. Nothing is hidden.

Pros

  • Complete transparency

    You see exactly what goes to banks vs. what your processor charges.

  • Lower total costs

    Typically 20-40% cheaper than tiered pricing for the same volume.

  • Predictable markup

    Your processor's markup never changes (unless you renegotiate). Only interchange varies by card type.

  • Easy to negotiate

    Markup is clearly stated, making it straightforward to compare offers and negotiate.

Cons

  • More complex statements

    Your statement shows 20+ different interchange rates instead of just 3 tiers. Takes time to understand initially.

  • Rate fluctuations

    Your effective rate varies slightly month-to-month based on card mix (more rewards cards = higher cost).

Example: $100 Sale Breakdown

Transaction: $100 sale on a Visa rewards credit card (card-present)

Interchange (non-negotiable): 1.65% + $0.10 = $1.75

Assessment (non-negotiable): 0.14% = $0.14

Processor markup (negotiable): 0.25% + $0.10 = $0.35


Total fees: $2.24 (2.24% effective)

You receive: $97.76

Best For

  • Any business processing $10,000+ monthly that wants to minimize costs
  • Businesses willing to understand their statements (15-minute learning curve)
  • Those who value transparency and negotiability
  • High-volume merchants where even 0.1% matters

Tiered Pricing Explained: The Bucket System

How It Works

Tiered pricing groups transactions into three buckets with different rates:

Qualified (lowest rate)

Example: 1.59% + $0.10. Typically only applies to basic debit cards swiped in-person.

Mid-Qualified (middle rate)

Example: 2.29% + $0.15. Credit cards and some rewards cards.

Non-Qualified (highest rate)

Example: 3.49% + $0.25. Rewards cards, e-commerce, or manually keyed transactions.

The problem? Processors control which transactions fall into which bucket, and they intentionally downgrade most transactions to higher tiers to increase their profit.

The Downgrading Problem

Processors advertise the "qualified" rate (e.g., "Starting at 1.59%!") but in practice:

  • • Only 10-30% of transactions qualify for the lowest tier
  • • 50-60% fall into mid-qualified
  • • 20-40% fall into non-qualified

Your effective rate ends up 0.5-1.0% higher than the quoted "qualified" rate. That's where processors hide their profit.

Pros

  • Simpler statements

    Only shows 3 rates instead of 20+ interchange rates. Easier to read at a glance.

  • Fixed tier rates

    Rates don't change month-to-month (though which bucket your transactions fall into does).

Cons

  • Hidden markup

    You can't see what the processor is actually charging you vs. what goes to banks.

  • Inflated costs

    Typically 20-40% more expensive than interchange-plus for the same transactions.

  • Intentional downgrading

    Processors engineer the buckets to maximize downgrades and their profit.

  • Hard to negotiate

    Since markup is hidden in tier rates, it's difficult to compare or negotiate.

Example: $100 Sale Breakdown

Transaction: $100 sale on a Visa rewards credit card (card-present)

What you see on statement: "Mid-Qualified: 2.29% + $0.15"

Actual interchange (hidden from you): 1.65% + $0.10 = $1.75

Assessment (hidden from you): 0.14% = $0.14

Processor's hidden markup: $2.44 - $1.89 = $0.55


Total fees: $2.44 (2.44% effective)

You receive: $97.56

$0.20 more than interchange-plus for the same transaction (9% higher cost)

Best For

Almost no one. Tiered pricing is rarely the best choice. The only scenarios where it might be acceptable:

  • Very small businesses processing under $5,000 monthly where the cost difference is minimal
  • Businesses that strongly prioritize statement simplicity over cost optimization

For 95% of businesses, interchange-plus or flat-rate is better than tiered.

Side-by-Side Comparison

FactorInterchange-PlusTiered Pricing
Transparency
Fully transparent

See exact interchange + markup

Hidden costs

Markup buried in tier rates

Total Cost
Lower

Typical savings: 20-40%

Higher

Inflated tier rates add up

Statement ComplexityMore detailed

Shows every interchange rate

Simpler

Only shows 3 tier rates

Negotiability
Highly negotiable

Markup is clearly visible

Hard to negotiate

Markup is hidden

Rate PredictabilityVariable

Rates change with interchange

Fixed tiers

But most txns downgraded

Best For$10K+ monthly

Any business wanting savings

Almost never

Usually not competitive

Typical Markup0.15% - 0.40%

Plus 5-15¢ per transaction

0.50% - 1.50%

Hidden in tier rates

Real-World Cost Analysis

Here's what businesses with different monthly volumes actually pay under each model. These numbers assume a typical card mix (40% debit, 60% credit/rewards).

Monthly VolumeInterchange-Plus
(IC + 0.25% + 10¢)
Tiered Pricing
(2.25% effective)
Monthly SavingsAnnual Savings
$25,000$587$737$150$1,800
$50,000$1,050$1,400$350$4,200
$100,000$2,050$2,750$700$8,400

* Assumes typical card mix (40% debit, 60% credit/rewards). Actual costs vary by transaction type and card mix.

The savings add up fast

A business processing $100,000 monthly saves $8,400 per year by switching from tiered to interchange-plus. That's $8,400 in pure profit that can be reinvested in your business.

Other Pricing Models to Consider

Flat Rate

Example processors: Square (2.6% + 10¢), Stripe (2.9% + 30¢), PayPal (2.99% + 49¢)

How it works: One simple rate for all transactions, no matter the card type.

When it makes sense: Startups and businesses under $15K monthly volume. Zero setup, no monthly fees, no contracts. Simplicity is worth the slight premium.

When to switch: Once you're consistently processing $20K+ monthly, interchange-plus will save you $200-400/month.

Subscription / Membership Pricing

How it works: Fixed monthly fee (e.g., $99-$299) + interchange pass-through with zero processor markup.

When it makes sense: High-volume businesses ($50K+ monthly) with consistent processing. You pay for the infrastructure instead of per-transaction markup.

Math: If processor markup on interchange-plus would cost you $150+/month, subscription models at $99-149/month can save money.

Cash Discount / Surcharging

How it works: Pass processing fees to customers who pay with cards. Offer a discount (or charge a fee) for cash payments.

Legality: Legal in most US states, but you must follow card network rules and post clear signage.

Tradeoffs: Eliminates processing costs but may reduce customer satisfaction or conversion rates. Works well for businesses with high average tickets or local customer bases.

Learn more about all fee structures →

Frequently Asked Questions

Ready to Make the Switch?

If you're on tiered pricing and processing $10,000+ monthly, switching to interchange-plus could save you $100-$700+ per month.

Get a free analysis to see your current pricing model, what you're actually paying, and how much you'd save by switching. No obligation, no sales calls—just data.